{"id":1227,"date":"2026-10-24T05:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-23T20:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/?p=1227"},"modified":"2026-10-22T21:54:40","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T12:54:40","slug":"qs-von-neumann-entropy-measurement-20261022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/?p=1227","title":{"rendered":"\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u30fb\u30ce\u30a4\u30de\u30f3\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u3070\u3089\u3064\u304d\u3068\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u6df7\u5408\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u91cf\u5b50\u30d3\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u3066\u6e2c\u308b\u3068\u30010\u30681\u304c\u534a\u3005\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3060\u3051\u3067\u300c\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u534a\u5206\u305a\u3064\u306e\u6df7\u5408\u3060\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u5b9f\u306f\u3001\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u91cd\u306d\u5408\u308f\u305b\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3082\u3001\u540c\u3058\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u3070\u3089\u3064\u304d\u3068\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u6df7\u5408\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u306f\u3001\u5206\u3051\u3066\u8003\u3048\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<section 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aria-label=\"\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff1f\">\n<p><strong>\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u30fb\u30ce\u30a4\u30de\u30f3\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u5bc6\u5ea6\u884c\u5217\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u304b\u3089\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u6df7\u5408\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u3092\u8868\u3059\u91cf\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7d14\u7c8b\u72b6\u614b\u306a\u30890\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc\u306f\u6e2c\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u3082\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7d14\u7c8b\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3082\u3001\u6e2c\u308a\u65b9\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u534a\u3005\u306b\u3070\u3089\u3064\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>1\u3064\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u5f97\u305f0\u30681\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc\u306f\u6c7a\u307e\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u4f55\u3092\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u3001\u3069\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3067\u6e2c\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3092\u4f75\u305b\u3066\u8aad\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5927\u5207\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<h2>\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u3068\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306b\u4ed8\u304f\u91cf<\/h2>\n<p>0\u30681\u304c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u78ba\u7387p\u30681\u2212p\u3067\u51fa\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u30b7\u30e3\u30ce\u30f3\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc\u306f <strong>H=\u2212p log\u2082p\u2212(1\u2212p) log\u2082(1\u2212p)<\/strong> \u3067\u3059\u3002\u5fc5\u305a\u7247\u65b9\u304c\u51fa\u308c\u30700 bit\u3001\u534a\u3005\u306a\u30891 bit\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306ebit\u306f\u3001\u78ba\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u4e0d\u78ba\u304b\u3055\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u500b\u3005\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3067\u672a\u77e5\u306e\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u5fc5\u305a\u305d\u306e\u91cf\u3060\u3051\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308c\u308b\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u8868\u3059\u5bc6\u5ea6\u884c\u5217\u03c1\u306b\u306f\u3001<strong>S(\u03c1)=\u2212\u03a3\u1d62\u03bb\u1d62 log\u2082\u03bb\u1d62<\/strong> \u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d5\u30a9\u30f3\u30fb\u30ce\u30a4\u30de\u30f3\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc\u3092\u5b9a\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002\u03bb\u1d62\u306f\u03c1\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u3067\u3001\u3059\u3079\u30660\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3001\u5408\u8a08\u306f1\u3067\u3059\u30020 log\u20820\u306f\u6975\u9650\u306e\u50240\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f0f\u306e\u5f62\u306f\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4ee3\u5165\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3067\u5f97\u305f\u78ba\u7387\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u884c\u5217\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u306f\u3001\u5bc6\u5ea6\u884c\u5217\u3092\u5bfe\u89d2\u5f62\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u76f4\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u6b8b\u308b\u91cd\u307f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\u898b\u901a\u3057\u304c\u3088\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u540c\u3058\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u8868\u8a18\u306b\u4f7f\u3046\u57fa\u5e95\u3092\u5909\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3001\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u3068S\u306f\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u6709\u9650\u306ed\u6b21\u5143\u7cfb\u3067\u306fS\u306f0\u304b\u3089log\u2082d\u307e\u3067\u3067\u30011\u91cf\u5b50\u30d3\u30c3\u30c8\u306a\u30890\u304b\u30891\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7d14\u7c8b\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u304c1\u30680\u3001\u6700\u5927\u6df7\u5408\u72b6\u614b\u306f1\/2\u30681\/2\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u534a\u3005\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b3\u3064\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u308b<\/h2>\n<p>0\u30681\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3092Z\u57fa\u5e95\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3068\u547c\u3073\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3001<strong>|+\u27e9=(|0\u27e9+|1\u27e9)\/\u221a2<\/strong> \u3068 <strong>|\u2212\u27e9=(|0\u27e9\u2212|1\u27e9)\/\u221a2<\/strong> \u3092\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304cX\u57fa\u5e95\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e21\u8005\u306f\u3001\u540c\u3058\u91cf\u5b50\u30d3\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308a\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305a|+\u27e9\u3092\u6bce\u56de\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u305f\u7d14\u7c8b\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5bc6\u5ea6\u884c\u5217\u306f\u3001\u5bfe\u89d2\u6210\u5206\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u975e\u5bfe\u89d2\u6210\u5206\u3082\u3059\u3079\u30661\/2\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u306f1\u30680\u306a\u306e\u3067S=0\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082Z\u57fa\u5e95\u3067\u6e2c\u308c\u30700\u30681\u304c\u534a\u3005\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u306eH\u306f1 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Preskill, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.preskill.caltech.edu\/ph219\/chap10_6A_2025.pdf\">Quantum Information, Chapter 10: Quantum Shannon Theory<\/a>\uff082025\u5e746\u6708\u7248\u306e\u8b1b\u7fa9\u8349\u7a3f\uff09\u3002\u00a710.2\u3001\u672c\u658714\u201317\u9801\u3001\u5f0f10.59\u201310.61\u306810.74\u3002\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc\u3001\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u3001\u6b63\u898f\u76f4\u4ea4\u57fa\u5e95\u3067\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3002\u6bd4\u8f03\u56f3\u3068\u6570\u5024\u4f8b\u306f\u72ec\u81ea\u306b\u4f5c\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u91cf\u5b50\u30d3\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u540c\u3058\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u3066\u6e2c\u308b\u3068\u30010\u30681\u304c\u534a\u3005\u306b\u73fe\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3060\u3051\u3067\u300c\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u534a\u5206\u305a\u3064\u306e\u6df7\u5408\u3060\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u5b9f\u306f\u3001\u7d14\u7c8b\u306a\u91cd\u306d\u5408\u308f\u305b\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3082\u3001\u540c\u3058\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u3070\u3089\u3064\u304d\u3068\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1224,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":false,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[30],"tags":[184],"class_list":["post-1227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-computing","tag-quantum-computers"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/qs-von-neumann-entropy-measurement-20261022-featured-884013f2cac9.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1227","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1227"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1227\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1233,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1227\/revisions\/1233"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1227"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1227"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1227"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}