{"id":1249,"date":"2026-10-24T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-24T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/?p=1249"},"modified":"2026-10-22T22:51:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T13:51:04","slug":"qs-gentle-measurement-update-20261022","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/?p=1249","title":{"rendered":"\u7a4f\u3084\u304b\u306a\u91cf\u5b50\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u51fa\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3068\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4fdd\u3061\u3084\u3059\u3044\u6761\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u91cf\u5b50\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6e2c\u308b\u524d\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u3001\u3042\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u307b\u307c\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u51fa\u308b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u306a\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u5f8c\u3082\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u3042\u307e\u308a\u5909\u3048\u305a\u306b\u6b8b\u305b\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u306e\u304c\u3001<strong>gentle measurement lemma\uff08\u7a4f\u3084\u304b\u306a\u6e2c\u5b9a\u306e\u88dc\u984c\uff09<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u4e8b\u306a\u306e\u306f\u300c\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u3068\u300c\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5f8c\u306b\u3069\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u6b8b\u3059\u304b\u300d\u3092\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u78ba\u7387\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u60c5\u5831\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3001\u3069\u3093\u306a\u6e2c\u5b9a\u88c5\u7f6e\u3067\u3082\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4fdd\u3066\u308b\u3068\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<section class=\"influvetor-quick-summary\" aria-label=\"\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff1f\">\n<p><strong>\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u66f4\u65b0\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u51fa\u308b\u78ba\u7387p\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u5f8c\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u5143\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u5fe0\u5b9f\u5ea6\u306b\u9ad8\u3044\u4e0b\u9650\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u51fa\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5168\u8a66\u884c\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u3084\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u6368\u3066\u305f\u5f8c\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u306f\u533a\u5225\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u540c\u3058\u7d50\u679c\u78ba\u7387\u3067\u3082\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u56de\u8ee2\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u308c\u3070\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5909\u308f\u308a\u5f97\u307e\u3059\u3002\u78ba\u7387\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5f0f\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u66f4\u65b0\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<h2>\u78ba\u7387\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3001\u6b8b\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u3082\u306e<\/h2>\n<p>\u6e2c\u308b\u524d\u306e\u91cf\u5b50\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u5bc6\u5ea6\u884c\u5217\u03c1\u3068\u66f8\u304d\u3001\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\u3092P\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002P\u306f0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3067\u3001\u5358\u4f4d\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50I\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u51fa\u308b\u78ba\u7387\u306fp\uff1dTr(P\u03c1)\u3067\u6c42\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002Tr\u306f\u884c\u5217\u306e\u5bfe\u89d2\u6210\u5206\u3092\u8db3\u3059\u64cd\u4f5c\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305f\u3060\u3057P\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u51fa\u3084\u3059\u3055\u3092\u8868\u3059\u60c5\u5831\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3060\u3051\u3067\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5f8c\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4e00\u610f\u306b\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u5f8c\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u66f4\u65b0\u3067\u5b9a\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002[1]<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03c1\u2032\uff1d\u221aP \u03c1 \u221aP \/ p\u3000\uff08p &gt; 0\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u221aP\u306f\u6210\u5206\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u884c\u5217\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u306eTr\u306fp\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001p\u3067\u5272\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9078\u3070\u308c\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u306b\u6761\u4ef6\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u306eTr\u30921\u3078\u623b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u51fa\u306a\u3044p\uff1d0\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u4ed8\u304d\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u5f0f\u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u9ad8\u3044\u78ba\u7387\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3001\u5fe0\u5b9f\u5ea6\u306e\u4e0b\u9650<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u8fd1\u3055\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u5fe0\u5b9f\u5ea6\u3092\u3001F(\u03c1,\u03c3)\uff1dTr\u221a(\u221a\u03c1 \u03c3 \u221a\u03c1)\u3068\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5074\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3067\u3001\u4e8c\u4e57\u3057\u305fF\u00b2\u3092\u5fe0\u5b9f\u5ea6\u3068\u547c\u3076\u8868\u8a18\u3068\u306f\u6570\u5024\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002Watrous\u306e\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u306b\u3042\u308b\u88dc\u984c\u306f\u3001\u4e0a\u306e\u03c1\u2032\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066<strong>F(\u03c1,\u03c1\u2032) \u2265 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Watrous, <a href=\"https:\/\/cs.uwaterloo.ca\/~watrous\/TQI\/TQI.double.3.pdf\">The Theory of Quantum Information, Chapter 3<\/a>\uff082018\u5e74\u8457\u8005\u516c\u958b\u7248\uff09\u3001142\u301c143\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3001\u547d\u984c3.14\u30fb\u7cfb3.15\u30fb\u5f0f3.85\u301c3.89\u3002\u672c\u6587\u306e\u6570\u5024\u306f\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u4e8c\u6b21\u5143\u884c\u5217\u8a08\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u91cf\u5b50\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6e2c\u308b\u524d\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u3001\u3042\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u307b\u307c\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u51fa\u308b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u306a\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5f97\u305f\u5f8c\u3082\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u3042\u307e\u308a\u5909\u3048\u305a\u306b\u6b8b\u305b\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u306e\u304c\u3001gentle measurement l [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1247,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":false,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[30],"tags":[184],"class_list":["post-1249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-computing","tag-quantum-computers"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/qs-gentle-measurement-update-20261022-featured-6bbd9d5c7752.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1249"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1250,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1249\/revisions\/1250"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}