{"id":1726,"date":"2026-10-29T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-28T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/?p=1726"},"modified":"2026-10-26T08:19:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-25T23:19:45","slug":"qs-shot-noise-relative-fluctuation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/?p=1726","title":{"rendered":"\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u96d1\u97f3\u306f\u5897\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306b\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u63fa\u3089\u304e\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u7406\u7531"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u6697\u3044\u5834\u6240\u3067\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u5149\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3059\u3068\u3001\u5149\u306e\u5f37\u3055\u3092\u6e2c\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304c\u3001\u5149\u3092\u96fb\u6c17\u4fe1\u53f7\u3078\u5909\u3048\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306e<strong>\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u96d1\u97f3\uff08shot noise\uff09<\/strong>\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u306e\u5149\u96fb\u6d41\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u91cf\u3082\u5897\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u96d1\u97f3\u304c\u5897\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u304c\u5b89\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u3069\u3046\u4e21\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9375\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u63fa\u3089\u304e\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u63fa\u3089\u304e\u306e\u5272\u5408\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u691c\u51fa\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3092\u6570\u3048\u308b\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u306a\u6a21\u578b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u306e\u5897\u3048\u65b9\u304c\u63fa\u3089\u304e\u306e\u5897\u3048\u65b9\u3092\u4e0a\u56de\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<section class=\"influvetor-quick-summary\" aria-label=\"\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff1f\">\n<p><strong>\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5149\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u308b\u6642\u523b\u3084\u500b\u6570\u306e\u3070\u3089\u3064\u304d\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u304c\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u96d1\u97f3\u306e\u3082\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u30dd\u30a2\u30bd\u30f3\u5206\u5e03\u3067\u8868\u305b\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u6570\u304c100\u500d\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3001\u500b\u6570\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u504f\u5dee\u306f10\u500d\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5272\u5408\u306f10\u5206\u306e1\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3067\u306f\u3001\u89b3\u6e2c\u6642\u9593\u3084\u5e2f\u57df\u3001\u691c\u51fa\u5668\u306e\u98fd\u548c\u3001\u307b\u304b\u306e\u96d1\u97f3\u3082\u305d\u308d\u3048\u3066\u6bd4\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5149\u3092\u5897\u3084\u305b\u3070\u969b\u9650\u306a\u304f\u6539\u5584\u3059\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<h2>\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u306a\u96fb\u6d41\u306b\u3082\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u304c\u3042\u308b<\/h2>\n<p>\u30d5\u30a9\u30c8\u30c0\u30a4\u30aa\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u3001\u5438\u53ce\u3057\u305f\u5149\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u96fb\u5b50\u3068\u6b63\u5b54\u3092\u751f\u3058\u3055\u305b\u3001\u96fb\u6d41\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u7d20\u5b50\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4e00\u5b9a\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u96fb\u6d41\u3082\u3001\u7d30\u304b\u304f\u898b\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5149\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u308b\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u306e\u7a4d\u307f\u91cd\u306d\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u306e\u767a\u751f\u7387\u304c\u4e00\u5b9a\u3067\u3001\u5404\u51fa\u6765\u4e8b\u3092\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u72ec\u7acb\u3068\u307f\u306a\u305b\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3092\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u540c\u3058\u9577\u3055\u306e\u6642\u9593\u7a93\u3092\u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u691c\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6570\u306f\u6bce\u56de\u540c\u3058\u306b\u306f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u304c100\u306a\u3089\u3001\u5404\u56de\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u5fc5\u305a100\u306b\u305d\u308d\u3046\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u500b\u6570\u306e\u3070\u3089\u3064\u304d\u3092\u8868\u3059\u6a21\u578b\u304c<strong>\u30dd\u30a2\u30bd\u30f3\u5206\u5e03<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6642\u9593\u7a93\u5185\u3067\u691c\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u5149\u96fb\u5b50\u6570\u3092N\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u3092\u03bc\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5206\u6563\u306f\u03bc\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u504f\u5dee\u306f\u221a\u03bc\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5149\u96fb\u5b50\u6570\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5165\u5c04\u3057\u305f\u5149\u5b50\u306e\u7dcf\u6570\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5149\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u305f\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u500b\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6570\u3048\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>100\u500d\u306e\u4fe1\u53f7\u306b\u300110\u500d\u306e\u63fa\u3089\u304e<\/h2>\n<p>\u540c\u3058\u89b3\u6e2c\u6642\u9593\u3068\u691c\u51fa\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3001\u30dd\u30a2\u30bd\u30f3\u6a21\u578b\u306b\u5f93\u3046\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u660e\u308b\u3055\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6697\u96fb\u6d41\u3084\u8aad\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u56de\u8def\u306e\u96d1\u97f3\u3001\u691c\u51fa\u5668\u306e\u98fd\u548c\u306f\u542b\u3081\u306a\u3044\u4eee\u5b9a\u4f8b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<figure style=\"overflow-x:auto;max-width:100%\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"\u5e73\u5747\u691c\u51fa\u6570\u3068\u63fa\u3089\u304e\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u72ed\u3044\u753b\u9762\u3067\u306f\u6a2a\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\">\n<table style=\"min-width:620px;width:100%;border-collapse:collapse\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u91cf<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">\u5e73\u5747100\u500b<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">\u5e73\u574710,000\u500b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">\u5e73\u5747\u306e\u5149\u96fb\u5b50\u6570 \u03bc<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">100<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">10,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">\u6a19\u6e96\u504f\u5dee \u221a\u03bc<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">10\u500b<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">100\u500b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">\u5e73\u5747\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5272\u5408 1\/\u221a\u03bc<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">10%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">1%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">\u5e73\u5747\u00f7\u6a19\u6e96\u504f\u5dee\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305fSNR<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">10<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:12px;border:1px solid #ddd\">100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><figcaption>\u30dd\u30a2\u30bd\u30f3\u5206\u5e03\u3092\u4eee\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u8a08\u7b97\u4f8b\u3002\u5272\u5408\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u504f\u5dee\u3092\u5e73\u5747\u3067\u5272\u3063\u305f\u5024\u3067\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u8aa4\u5dee\u306e\u4e0a\u9650\u3084\u500b\u3005\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u5024\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u8a08\u7b97\uff1aQuantum Sea\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u53f3\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u500b\u6570\u306e\u63fa\u3089\u304e\u306f10\u500b\u304b\u3089100\u500b\u3078\u5897\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u4fe1\u53f7\u306f100\u500b\u304b\u308910,000\u500b\u3078\u5897\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5272\u5408\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300c\u96d1\u97f3\u304c\u5897\u3048\u305f\u300d\u3068\u300c\u4fe1\u53f7\u304c\u898b\u5206\u3051\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u300d\u306f\u3001\u898b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u91cf\u304c\u9055\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306eSNR\uff08\u4fe1\u53f7\u5bfe\u96d1\u97f3\u6bd4\uff09\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u3092\u6a19\u6e96\u504f\u5dee\u3067\u5272\u3063\u305f\u5024\u3067\u3001\u221a\u03bc\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306a\u3089\u3001SNR\u30922\u500d\u306b\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u5e73\u5747\u306e\u691c\u51fa\u6570\u304c4\u500d\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u96fb\u529b\u306e\u6bd4\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305fSNR\u3084\u3001\u30c7\u30b7\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u8868\u3057\u305f\u5024\u3068\u306f\u6570\u5024\u306e\u8868\u3057\u65b9\u304c\u9055\u3046\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4ed5\u69d8\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u306f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3082\u305d\u308d\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u96fb\u6d41\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6e2c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001\u5e2f\u57df\u3082\u52b9\u304f<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u3064\u305a\u3064\u6570\u3048\u308b\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3001\u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u305f\u5149\u96fb\u6d41\u306e\u63fa\u3089\u304e\u3092\u6e2c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u6d41\u308c\u3092\u6271\u3044\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u5fdc\u7b54\u304c\u5341\u5206\u901f\u3044\u6a21\u578b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u96d1\u97f3\u306e\u96fb\u6d41\u306e\u5b9f\u52b9\u5024\u306f<strong>i<sub>rms<\/sub> = 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<a href=\"https:\/\/www.itl.nist.gov\/div898\/handbook\/eda\/section3\/eda366j.htm\">e-Handbook of Statistical Methods \u2014 Poisson Distribution<\/a>\u3002\u5e73\u5747\u30fb\u6a19\u6e96\u504f\u5dee\u30fb\u5909\u52d5\u4fc2\u6570\u30022026\u5e7410\u670826\u65e5\u53d6\u5f97\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Frank Rice, <a href=\"https:\/\/authors.library.caltech.edu\/records\/3trn7-tz764\">A frequency-domain derivation of shot-noise<\/a>, American Journal of Physics 84, 44\u201351\uff082016\uff09\u3001\u5f0f(20)\u3001\u7bc0IV\u3001\u4ed8\u93323\u3002\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8b\u8c61\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3068\u7b49\u4fa1\u96d1\u97f3\u5e2f\u57df\u5e45\u3002<\/li>\n<li>Franklyn Quinlan, <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC11231878\/\">The photodetection of ultrashort optical pulse trains for low noise microwave signal generation<\/a>, Laser &amp; Photonics Reviews 17\uff082023\uff09\u3001PMC\u516c\u958b\u8457\u8005\u7a3f\u3002\u7bc02\u30fb3.1.2\u30fb4\u3001\u5f0f(9)\u3002\u5149\u691c\u51fa\u306e\u98fd\u548c\u3068\u3001\u96fb\u6d41\u96d1\u97f3\u30fb\u632f\u5e45\u96d1\u97f3\u30fb\u4f4d\u76f8\u96d1\u97f3\u306e\u533a\u5225\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6697\u3044\u5834\u6240\u3067\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u5149\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3059\u3068\u3001\u5149\u306e\u5f37\u3055\u3092\u6e2c\u308a\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3068\u3053\u308d\u304c\u3001\u5149\u3092\u96fb\u6c17\u4fe1\u53f7\u3078\u5909\u3048\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306e\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u96d1\u97f3\uff08shot noise\uff09\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u306e\u5149\u96fb\u6d41\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d76\u5bfe\u91cf\u3082\u5897\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u96d1\u97f3\u304c\u5897\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1725,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":false,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[32],"tags":[264,259],"class_list":["post-1726","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-semiconductors-electronics","tag-signal-processing","tag-photon-statistics"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/qs-shot-noise-relative-fluctuation-featured-ddf71c848432.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1726","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1726"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1726\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1727,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1726\/revisions\/1727"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1726"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1726"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}