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<span>|v\u3009<\/span> \u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u78ba\u7387\u306f\u3001\u5bc6\u5ea6\u884c\u5217\u3092\u03c1\u3068\u3057\u3066 <span>\u3008v|\u03c1|v\u3009<\/span> 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<span>|\u03a6<sup>+<\/sup>\u3009\uff1d(|00\u3009\uff0b|11\u3009)\/\u221a2<\/span> \u306b\u6e96\u5099\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002A\u306f\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3001B\u306b\u3060\u3051\u8ee2\u7f6e\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u300c\u90e8\u5206\u8ee2\u7f6e\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002A\u3092\u5909\u3048\u306a\u3044\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092id\u3068\u66f8\u304f\u3068\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5909\u63db\u306f <span>id<sub>A<\/sub>\u2297T<sub>B<\/sub><\/span> \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u5e95\u3092 <span>|00\u3009\u3001|01\u3009\u3001|10\u3009\u3001|11\u3009<\/span> \u306e\u9806\u306b\u4e26\u3079\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u884c\u5217\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u8ee2\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001B\u306e\u884c\u3068\u5217\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u6dfb\u5b57\u3060\u3051\u3092\u5165\u308c\u66ff\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto\">\n<pre aria-label=\"\u30d9\u30eb\u72b6\u614b\u306eB\u5074\u3092\u90e8\u5206\u8ee2\u7f6e\u3057\u305f\u884c\u5217\">        \u23a1 1  0  0  0 \u23a4\nM = 1\/2 \u23a2 0  0  1  0 \u23a5\n        \u23a2 0  1  0  0 \u23a5\n        \u23a3 0  0  0  1 \u23a6<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u884c\u5217\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u306f1\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u306f <strong>1\/2\u30011\/2\u30011\/2\u3001\u22121\/2<\/strong> \u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8ca0\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001<span>|\u03a8<sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u3009\uff1d(|01\u3009\u2212|10\u3009)\/\u221a2<\/span> 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alt=\"\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u306f\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u8ee2\u7f6e\u3067\u3082\u3001\u30d9\u30eb\u72b6\u614b\u306eB\u5074\u3060\u3051\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u30de\u30a4\u30ca\u30b92\u5206\u306e1\u304c\u73fe\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u306bB\u5074\u306eZ\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u306f\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u30d9\u30eb\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u6bd4\u8f03\u56f3\u3002\" width=\"1080\" height=\"1440\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\"><\/a><figcaption>\u56f31\u3000\u5358\u72ec\u306e\u6b63\u5024\u6027\u3068\u3001\u76f8\u624b\u3092\u542b\u3081\u305f\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u306a\u884c\u5217\u8a08\u7b97\u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u8aac\u660e\u56f3\u3067\u3001\u5b9f\u6a5f\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u56f3\u3084\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u753b\u50cf\u3092\u958b\u304f\u3068\u539f\u5bf8\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u5024\u6027\u306f\u3001\u89e6\u3089\u306a\u3044\u76f8\u624b\u307e\u3067\u542b\u3081\u305f\u6761\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u5024\u6027\u3067\u306f\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u03a6\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u6709\u9650\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u88dc\u52a9\u7cfb\u306b\u4f55\u3082\u3057\u306a\u3044\u64cd\u4f5cid\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f <span>\u03a6\u2297id<\/span> 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class=\"source-note\">[1]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u624b\u3068\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u5165\u529b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u554f\u984c\u306f\u898b\u3048\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u03c1<sub>A<\/sub>\u2297\u03c1<sub>B<\/sub>\u306eB\u5074\u3092\u8ee2\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u03c1<sub>A<\/sub>\u2297\u03c1<sub>B<\/sub><sup>T<\/sup>\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7a4d\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u78ba\u7387\u7684\u306b\u6df7\u305c\u305f\u5165\u529b\u3067\u3082\u540c\u69d8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u30d9\u30eb\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6df7\u5408\u3067\u306f\u8868\u305b\u306a\u3044\u3082\u3064\u308c\u3092\u6301\u3064\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5358\u72ec\u306e\u691c\u67fb\u3067\u898b\u9003\u3059\u77db\u76fe\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u8f03\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001B\u5074\u3060\u3051\u306bZ\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002Z\u306f <span>|0\u3009<\/span> \u3092\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u306b\u3057\u3001<span>|1\u3009<\/span> \u306e\u7b26\u53f7\u3092\u53cd\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5168\u4f53\u306f <span>(|00\u3009\u2212|11\u3009)\/\u221a2<\/span> 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class=\"source-note\">[1]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u305f\u3044\u306e\u304c\u3001\u3082\u3064\u308c\u305f\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5165\u529b\u6b21\u5143\u3092d\u3068\u3057\u3001\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u3057\u306a\u3044 <span>|\u03a9\u3009\uff1d\u03a3<sub>i<\/sub>|i\u3009|i\u3009<\/span> \u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u898f\u7d04\u3067\u306f\u3001Choi\u884c\u5217\u3092 <span>J\uff1d(\u03a6\u2297id)(|\u03a9\u3009\u3008\u03a9|)<\/span> \u3068\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u51fa\u529b\u7cfb\u3092\u90e8\u5206\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u5165\u529b\u7cfb\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u884c\u5217I\u306a\u3089\u3001\u5199\u50cf\u306f\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u4fdd\u5b58\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u3068\u304dJ\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u306fd\u3067\u30011\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u65b9\u3001<span>|\u03a9\u3009\/\u221ad<\/span> \u304b\u3089\u4f5c\u308b\u884c\u5217\u306fJ\/d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u4fdd\u5b58\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3082\u3001\u51fa\u529b\u7cfb\u3092\u90e8\u5206\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u304cI\/d\u3078\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6b63\u306e\u5b9a\u6570\u500d\u306a\u306e\u3067\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u5024\u6027\u306e\u5224\u5b9a\u306f\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u4fdd\u5b58\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u53f3\u8fba\u306f\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3059\u30022\u6b21\u5143\u306a\u3089\u300cI\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001I\/2\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u304b\u300d\u306e\u5dee\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>QuTiP\u306e\u56fa\u5b9a\u7248\u5b9f\u88c5\u3067\u306f\u3001<code>iscp<\/code> \u304cChoi\u884c\u5217\u306e\u30a8\u30eb\u30df\u30fc\u30c8\u6027\u3068\u3001\u8a31\u5bb9\u8aa4\u5dee\u3092\u542b\u3080\u56fa\u6709\u5024\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u3001<code>istp<\/code> \u304c\u90e8\u5206\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u5358\u4f4d\u884c\u5217\u3068\u6bd4\u3079\u307e\u3059\u3002\u884c\u5217\u3092\u624b\u4f5c\u696d\u3067\u6e21\u3059\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3001\u6570\u5024\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u30fb\u5165\u529b\u51fa\u529b\u306e\u9806\u5e8f\u30fb\u6b21\u5143\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u305d\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u306e\u898f\u7d04\u306b\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u6271\u3046\u8ee2\u7f6e\u81ea\u4f53\u306f\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u4fdd\u5b58\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u3057\u305f\u30d9\u30eb\u72b6\u614b\u7531\u6765\u306e\u884c\u5217\u3092\u3001\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u3057\u306a\u3044Choi\u884c\u5217\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u3078\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<sup class=\"source-note\">[2][3]<\/sup><\/p>\n<h2>\u91cf\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u6bd4\u3079\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u78ba\u304b\u3081\u305f\u3044\u3053\u3068<\/h2>\n<p>\u3042\u308b\u5909\u63db\u3092\u3001\u5165\u529b\u3092\u9650\u5b9a\u305b\u305a\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u91cf\u5b50\u30c1\u30e3\u30cd\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u5358\u72ec\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u3053\u3068\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3001<strong>\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u5024\u6027\u3068\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u4fdd\u5b58\u306e\u4e21\u65b9<\/strong>\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u524d\u8005\u306f\u3082\u3064\u308c\u305f\u76f8\u624b\u3092\u542b\u3080\u78ba\u7387\u306e\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3001\u5f8c\u8005\u306f\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u9078\u5225\u3057\u306a\u3044\u64cd\u4f5c\u3067\u78ba\u7387\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u6761\u4ef6\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6e2c\u5b9a\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u51fa\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3060\u3051\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u64cd\u4f5c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u78ba\u7387\u306b\u306a\u308a\u30011\u3088\u308a\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6761\u4ef6\u4ed8\u304d\u306e\u679d\u3092\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u6e1b\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7406\u7531\u3060\u3051\u3067\u4e0d\u6b63\u3068\u6c7a\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u30c1\u30e3\u30cd\u30eb\u5168\u4f53\u3092\u691c\u67fb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3092\u6271\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u5148\u306b\u533a\u5225\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u53cd\u4f8b\u306f\u3001\u6709\u9650\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u306a\u884c\u5217\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30ce\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u63a8\u5b9a\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3084\u88c5\u7f6e\u306e\u6027\u80fd\u3092\u6e2c\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u975eCP\u306e\u5f0f\u304c\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u7121\u610f\u5473\u3060\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u8ee2\u7f6e\u306f\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u624b\u6bb5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u5165\u529b\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u88c5\u7f6e\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3068\u540c\u4e00\u8996\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u300c\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u300d\u3068\u300c\u76f8\u624b\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u542b\u3081\u3066\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u300d\u3092\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u5024\u6027\u304c\u4f55\u3092\u5b88\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b\u304c\u898b\u3048\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u51fa\u5178<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cs.uwaterloo.ca\/~watrous\/TQI-notes\/TQI-notes.05.pdf\">John Watrous, Theory of Quantum Information, Lecture 5<\/a>\uff082011\u5e749\u670827\u65e5\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\u3002\u00a75.2.2\u3001\u00a75.3\u3001\u5b9a\u74065.3\u30fb5.4\u3001\u7cfb5.5\u3002\u5b8c\u5168\u6b63\u5024\u6027\u3001Choi\u884c\u5217\u3001\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u4fdd\u5b58\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3068\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/qutip.readthedocs.io\/en\/qutip-5.1.x\/guide\/guide-states.html#properties-of-quantum-maps\">QuTiP 5.1 User Guide: Properties of Quantum Maps<\/a>\u3002\u91cf\u5b50\u5199\u50cf\u3068\u8ee2\u7f6e\u306e\u4f8b\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u305f\u7248\u306e\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d9\u30eb\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u4f8b\u3068\u3001\u56fa\u5b9a\u5b9f\u88c5\u306eChoi\u898f\u7d04\u3092\u533a\u5225\u3057\u3066\u53c2\u7167\u3002<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/qutip\/qutip\/blob\/7accc77a70a08f965a29fdd13515f79cdcab9703\/qutip\/core\/qobj.py\">QuTiP 5.1.1 qobj.py<\/a>\u3002<code>iscp<\/code>\u3001<code>istp<\/code>\u3001<code>iscptp<\/code>\u3002\u56fa\u5b9a\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8 <code style=\"overflow-wrap:anywhere\">7accc77a70a08f965a29fdd13515f79cdcab9703<\/code> \u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u3042\u308b\u91cf\u5b50\u30d3\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u64cd\u4f5c\u304c\u3001\u5358\u72ec\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u3069\u308c\u3082\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u72b6\u614b\u3078\u5909\u3048\u308b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306a\u3089\u3001\u91cf\u5b50\u8a08\u7b97\u306e\u9014\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u5b89\u5fc3\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002\u5b9f\u306f\u3001\u5225\u306e\u91cf\u5b50\u30d3\u30c3\u30c8\u3068\u3082\u3064\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u307e\u3067\u542b\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u8db3\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u3057\u306a\u3044\u76f8\u624b\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5168 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":997,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":false,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[30],"tags":[275,184],"class_list":["post-999","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-computing","tag-complete-positivity","tag-quantum-computers"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/qs-complete-positivity-entangled-inputs-20261017-featured-5709c4d54a6a.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=999"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1000,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/999\/revisions\/1000"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/997"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=999"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=999"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quantumsea.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}